Fixes and Enhancements since Version 0.5 alpha 2 Changed, Enhanced, or Newly Deprecated Features - "Global" services defined by '[Component Factories]' sections now live in the closest "service area" to the component that requests them. A "service area" is a parent component that implements 'config.IServiceArea', such as a configuration root returned by 'config.makeRoot()'. Applications loaded by the 'peak runIni' command are now created in their own service area, which means that settings in the .ini file being run will apply to services the application uses. (Because the application will have its own, application-specific service instances, and they will use the configuration loaded into the service area.) If you need to create your own service area, you can do so by mixing in 'config.ServiceArea' to your component class. However, you should *not* do this unless you know exactly what "outside" services you may need to use from "inside" the newly created service area, so that you can explicitly connect them "into" the service area. (In short, if you don't know *why* you're creating a service area, don't do it.) - 'config.Namespace()' objects now have a 'keys()' method that can be used when the namespace is bound to a context component. It returns a list of strings that may be used as keys for that namespace. Example usage:: >>> from peak.api import * >>> r=config.makeRoot() >>> ns=config.Namespace('peak.naming.schemes',r) >>> ns.keys() ['https', 'smtp', 'logfile', 'psycopg', 'pkgfile', 'unix.dg', 'win32.dde', 'sybase', 'timer', 'lockfile', 'pgsql', 'fd.socket', 'uuid', 'tcp', 'file', 'gadfly', 'http', 'logger', 'icb', 'cxoracle', 'udp', 'winflockfile', 'import', 'logging.logger', 'nulllockfile', 'nis', 'shlockfile', 'zconfig.schema', 'flockfile', 'shellcmd', 'dcoracle2', 'config', 'ftp', 'unix', 'ldap', 'sqlite', 'mockdb'] >>> ns['ldap'] 'peak.storage.LDAP:ldapURL' - Log events don't use a positional 'message' argument any more, and loggers aren't responsible for interpolating message arguments any more. The new signature is 'Event(parent, msg=msg, args=args, ...)'. Loggers also now tell events what logger name they are, via the 'ident' keyword. - The logging system now uses a property namespace, 'peak.logging.levels', to obtain log level names and values. The various 'logs.LEVEL' constants are now DEPRECATED. Please use the 'getLevelFor()' method of the nearest 'logs.ILoggingService' instead. Also note that URL schemes such as 'logfile:' no longer convert their level names to numbers, since the level names are only meaningful in the context of a logging service. - Support for integration with the Python 2.3/PEP 282 logging module has been scaled back. There are too many globalisms and dependencies there. When we add plugin-based log configuration, it should be possible to use the logging package's handlers and formatters with the PEAK logging services. At that point, you'll be able to replace 'logging.getLogger' and 'logging.getLevelName' with the corresponding methods of a PEAK logging service, if you need to force non-PEAK packages to use PEAK's logging. - Logs are now accessed via a 'logs.ILoggingService' instance. The 'logger:' URL scheme automatically accesses the nearest such service. For backward compatibility, the old 'peak.logs' namespace is still used to supply the actual loggers. This will be gradually replaced with a plugin-based mechanism. - Added 'binding.PluginKeys' and 'binding.PluginsFor'. These are component keys that can be used to 'Obtain' plugins registered within a property namespace. 'PluginKeys' obtains a list of the plugins' configuration keys, while 'PluginsFor' obtains a list of the actual plugins. - Replaced 'peak.config.registries.EigenRegistry' with 'peak.config.registries.ImmutableConfig'. The only use we had for 'EigenRegistry' was to keep track of 'offerAs' settings within classes, and it didn't need all the extra complexity of eigenstate management. The new, more-specialized class is shorter, simpler, and easier to use. - Added 'config.iterKeys()' which iterates over all available configuration keys in a given namespace (just property names for now). The 'config:' namespace is now a 'naming.IReadContext', so you can navigate it with the 'n2' command, and do things like 'ls -l config:peak.naming.schemes' to list all configured naming schemes. - Added 'config.parentProviding()' and 'config.parentsProviding()', which find the first (or all) parent components of a given component that support a given protocol. - Renamings/refactorings/deprecations in 'peak.config': 'config.getProperty' -- use 'config.lookup()' instead 'config.findUtility' -- use 'config.lookup()' instead 'config.findUtilities' -- use 'config.iterValues()' instead 'config.IPropertyMap' -- use 'config.IConfigMap' or 'config.IConfigurable' 'config.PropertyMap' -- use 'config.ConfigMap' instead 'config.setPropertyFor' -- DEPRECATED, see source for replacement code. 'config.setRuleFor' -- DEPRECATED, see source for replacement code. 'config.setDefaultFor' -- DEPRECATED, see source for replacement code. 'config.instancePerComponent' -- DEPRECATED, use factories instead. 'config.IConfigurationRoot' -- interface has changed; 'propertyNotFound' is no longer a method, and 'noMoreUtilities' is now 'noMoreValues'. 'exceptions.PropertyNotFound' -- use 'exceptions.NameNotFound' instead. 'exceptions.OutOfScope' -- REMOVED; it was not actually used in PEAK. In all cases, the old interface, class, or function is DEPRECATED and will go away in the alpha 4 release cycle. Please take particular note of the fact that 'IConfigMap' offers virtually none of the convenience methods provided by 'IPropertyMap', so adjust your code accordingly. Note also that even though there are plenty of references to 'IPropertyMap' remaining in PEAK itself, these are strictly to provide backward compatibility. Once we enter the alpha 4 release cycle, these will go away. - Added 'config.MultiKey()' and 'config.UnionOf()' configuration key classes, to generalize existing specialty keys such as 'ProviderOf' and 'FactoryFor'. (The latter two are now defined in terms of the former two.) Also, made classes and types usable as configuration keys. This was needed for the above generalization, but also makes many other class-lookup concepts possible. (Note that there may be some slight changes to the effective registration and lookup order of these and other configuration keys as of this change, as there were some previous errors and/or ambiguities to the lookup order that were not covered by the test suite.) - Added "[Import on Demand]" section type to .ini files, allowing you to define shortcuts for modules that you frequently reference in your configuration. This lets you replace e.g. 'importString("foo.bar.baz:Spam")' with 'foo_baz.Spam' in expressions, by adding something like this:: [Import on Demand] foo_bar = "foo.bar.baz" to your configuration. The defined shortcut is then available for the remainder of that configuration file, and in any .ini files included from the current file. See 'peak.ini' for an example and more info. - Logging-related interfaces have been moved into the 'peak.running.logs' module. So, what used to be 'running.ILogger' is now 'logs.ILogger'. - Log events now use a standard component construction signature, and the class used for event objects is now configurable as the factory for 'logs.ILogEvent'. (See "[Component Factories]" in 'peak.ini'.) - By popular demand, 'logs.ILogger' (and its default implementation) now includes 'trace()', 'notice()', 'alert()' and 'emergency()' methods that use the corresponding 'syslog' priority levels. 'logs.IBasicLogger' has been added, to reflect the narrower interface provided by PEP 282, and there is an adapter that can extend PEP 282 loggers with the other methods. - The 'logging.logger:' URL scheme has been simplified to 'logger:'. Please convert your scripts and configuration files, as the longer form will go away in the alpha 4 development cycle. - Added 'commands.lookupCommand()' to look up a command shortcut or URL, ala the 'peak' script or 'commands.Bootstrap' class. Also added various 'commands.ErrorSubcommand' subclasses to make it easier to issue errors from/for subcommands. - Added 'peak.core' as a minimal subset of 'peak.api'. 'peak.core' offers only "core" API packages and primitives, not the full set of available framework APIs. 'peak.api' will continue to expand as frameworks are added, but 'peak.core' will stay as small as practical. ('peak.exceptions' may in fact end up being removed from 'peak.core', or at least renamed.) - Added 'peak.util.symbol' module, to contain 'NOT_GIVEN', 'NOT_FOUND', and the 'Symbol' class used to create them. - 'peak.running.tools' was promoted to 'peak.tools'. 'peak.running.supervisor' was also moved to 'peak.tools.supervisor', and a new 'peak help' command was added in 'peak.tools.api_help'. - Replaced the "[Provide Utilities]" section of .ini files with "[Component Factories]". The new section type is easier to use, much more versatile, and does all registration and imports lazily. See the 'peak.ini' file for docs. "[Provide Utilities]" and 'config.ProvideInstance()' are now DEPRECATED, so please convert ASAP. - 'binding.Make()' now accepts configuration keys, using them to look up a factory object that's then invoked to create the attribute. This makes it a lot easier to define a component with its own transaction service, 'IBasicReactor', or other normally "global" component. It also makes it easier to globally specify a factory class for some interface. Factories are looked up under the 'config.FactoryFor(key)' configuration key. (See below.) - Added 'config.FactoryFor(key)', a 'config.IConfigKey' implementation that provides a configuration namespace for factories. When you use 'binding.Make(ISomething)', it's roughly equivalent to:: binding.Make( lambda self,d,a: binding.lookupComponent( self, config.FactoryFor(ISomething), adaptTo = binding.IRecipe )(self,d,a) ) That is, the 'config.FactoryFor(ISomething)' is looked up and invoked. - Added 'config.CreateViaFactory(key)', a 'config.IRule' implementation that creates an implementation of 'key', by looking up 'config.FactoryFor(key)' and invoking it. - Added 'config.ruleForExpr(name,expr)', that returns a 'config.IRule' that computes the Python expression in the string 'expr'. This is the mechanism used by configuration files to create rules, factored out into an API call so that configuration extensions can use it, too. - The 'referencedType' of a 'model.StructuralFeature' can now be any 'binding.IComponentKey', not just a type or a string. Types are also now implicitly component keys, which means you can use 'binding.Obtain(SomeType)' to look up 'SomeType'. (Right now, this is no different than using 'SomeType' without the 'binding.Obtain()', but in future releases this will use a "class replacement service" to allow easy replacement of model and other collaborator classes, while implementing AOP-like features.) - Added 'naming.Indirect(key)', a 'binding.IComponentKey' that can be used to do an indirect lookup via another 'IComponentKey' (such as a name). Using 'naming.Indirect()', you can replace code like this:: socket = binding.Obtain( lambda self: self.lookupComponent(self.socketURL), adaptTo=[IListeningSocket] ) with code like this:: socket = binding.Obtain( naming.Indirect('socketURL'), adaptTo=[IListeningSocket] ) - Added 'peak.tools.supervisor', a mini-framework for pre-forking, multiprocess servers, such as for FastCGI. The framework includes a ZConfig schema for process supervisors, and support for automatically forking new children (up to a predefined maximum, with a minimum interval between launches) when a socket has pending connections and all of its child processes are busy. With this setup, you can take more advantage of multiprocessor machines for CPU-intensive services. - Standardized these characteristics of name and address syntax: * '//' at the beginning of URL bodies is *mandatory* when the URL begins with an "authority" as described by RFC 2396. When the URL is not required to contain an authority (e.g. 'peak.storage.SQL.GenericSQL_URL'), the '//' is *optional*, and the canonical form of the URL will not include it. * Standardized names for RFC 2396 fields: 'user', 'passwd', 'host', and 'port'. - Added 'peak.metamodels.ASDL', a metamodel for the Zephyr Abstract Syntax Description Language. ASDL is a convenient way to describe a domain model for an abstract syntax tree (AST), and the models generated with the new ASDL tool can be combined with concrete syntax to create a complete parsing solution for "mini languages", possibly including the Python language itself. (Future versions of the Python and Jython compilers are likely to use AST models based on ASDL, and in the current Python CVS sandbox there's already an ASDL model of Python's AST available.) - Enhanced 'fmtparse' and 'peak.model' to allow using types as syntax rules for parsing, including abstract types. An abstract type's syntax is the union (using 'fmtparse.Alternatives') of the syntaxes of its subclasses (as specified by 'mdl_subclassNames'). - Added 'IMainLoop.setExitCode()' and 'IMainLoop.childForked()' methods, to allow reactor-driven components to control the mainloop's exit code. - Added 'running.ISignalManager' and a default implementation. Use its 'addHandler()/removeHandler()' methods to add or remove signal handlers. Signal handlers define methods like 'def SIGCHLD(self,signum,frame):' that will be called when the associated signal is received. All active handlers for a given signal are invoked, so you can easily have multiple components listen for 'SIGCHLD', for example. - Added 'IBasicReactor.crash()', which forces an immediate reactor loop exit, ignoring pending scheduled calls. - Added 'peak.running.commands.runMain()', a convenience function for starting an application's "main" command, that also makes it easy for forked child processes to exit and replace the parent process' "main". The 'peak' script has now been shortened to:: from peak.running import commands commands.runMain( commands.Bootstrap ) so it's now much easier to create alternative startup scripts, if you need to, or to add an 'if __name__=="__main__"' clause to a module. - Added 'peak.util.mockdb', a "mock object" implementation of a DBAPI 2.0 driver module. 'mockdb' connections can be told to 'expect()' queries and 'provide()' data to their callers, and will raise AssertionErrors when they are used in a way that doesn't conform to your supplied expectations. This is intended to be used for unit testing components that depend on a database connection: you can verify that they send the right SQL, and you can provide them with dummy data to use. There is also a 'mockdb:' URL and peak.storage driver, so you can easily use a mock DB connection in place of a real one within a PEAK application, for testing purposes. Note, however, that 'peak.util.mockdb' is a DBAPI 2.0 driver in itself, and thus can also be used to test DBAPI usage outside of PEAK. - SQL connection objects now provide an 'appConfig' attribute that is a driver-specific 'config.Namespace()'. This allows you to easily set up configuration properties that are driver-specific. For example, you could use properties to configure driver-specific SQL snippets, then access them via the connection's 'appConfig' namespace. The namespaces are of the form 'DRIVER.appConfig', where 'DRIVER' is the name of the DBAPI module for that connection type (e.g. 'pgdb', 'cx_Oracle', etc.). - Added 'config.Namespace()' convenience class for redirecting property lookups from one namespace to another. See the docstring and 'peak.ini' for usage examples. 'PropertyName.of()' now returns 'Namespace' instances instead of 'PropertySet' instances. - DEPRECATED the 'config.PropertySet' class; please convert to using 'config.Namespace', as 'PropertySet' will disappear in the 0.5alpha4 release cycle. - SQL connection objects now get their type converters from a distinct property namespace for each DBAPI driver. For example a driver using the 'cx_Oracle' module will get its type converters from the 'cx_Oracle.sql_types' property namespace, instead of 'peak.sql_types'. For backward compatibility, these driver-specific namespaces are set up to fall back to 'peak.sql_types' for their defaults. Type converter construction has also been improved, to eliminate conversion overhead completely when no conversions are required for a specific query. Also, SQL connections now offer a method that will create a row conversion function for a given result description and optional postprocessing function. This new method should now be used in place of direct access to the 'typeMap' attribute of connection objects. - Added 'binding.Require', 'binding.Obtain', 'binding.Make', and 'binding.Delegate'. *ALL* other binding types are now DEPRECATED, and will go away before 0.5 beta is released: 'requireBinding("info")' -- use 'Require("info")' 'delegateTo("attr")' -- use 'Delegate("attr")' 'New(type)' -- use 'Make(type)' 'New("module.type")' -- use 'Make("module.type")' 'bindTo(key)' -- use 'Obtain(key)' 'Constant(value)' -- use 'Make(lambda: value)' 'Acquire(key)' -- use 'Obtain(key, offerAs=[key,])' 'Copy(value)' -- use 'Make(lambda: )' 'whenAssembled(func)' -- use 'Make(func, uponAssembly=True)' 'bindSequence(key1,key2,...)' -- use 'Obtain([key1,key,...])' 'bindToProperty(x,y)' -- use 'Obtain(PropertyName(x),default=y)' 'bindToParent()' -- use 'Obtain("..")' 'bindToSelf()' -- use 'Obtain(".")' 'bindToUtilities()' -- no replacement; let me know if you're using this. Note that 'Make' and 'Obtain' also support sequences of recipes and keys, and in those cases will produce a sequence of the results from those recipes or keys. Also, 'Make' will accept no-argument and one-argument callables, where 'Once' always required three-argument functions. This should make it a lot easier to write short binding functions. Also, note that the 'activateUponAssembly' keyword is now 'uponAssembly', and 'isVolatile' is now 'noCache'. (The old names will work as keyword arguments until the alpha 4 development cycle begins.) The 'binding.IActiveDescriptor' interface also changed as a result of this. Last, but not least, a 'binding.IRecipe' interface was added, to support the new 'binding.Make' type. - Added a 'lockName' attribute to 'runnning.AdaptiveTask', and a 'LockURL' setting to its ZConfig schema. This allows a lockfile URL to be specified for adaptive tasks that need exclusive access to some resource while running. - A list or tuple of 'IComponentKey' instances is now treated as a single component key, that returns a tuple of the values returned by each constituent component key. This means that 'binding.Obtain()' and 'lookupComponent()' can now accept a list or tuple of component keys. This makes 'bindSequence()' obsolete, so 'bindSequence()' is now DEPRECATED. 'binding.bindSequence(key1,key2,...)' can now be replaced with 'binding.Obtain([key1,key,...])', and will produce the same results. - 'naming.IBasicContext.lookup()' and 'naming.lookup()' now accept a 'default' argument, similar to that used by 'lookupComponent()' and most other lookup-like APIs in PEAK. This change was made so that component lookups don't need to rely on catching 'exceptions.NameNotFound' errors to tell them when to use the default value. This could hide 'NameNotFound' errors that were actually from a broken component somewhere in the lookup process. (In general, it's probably a bad idea to have an exception that's used for both control flow and real errors!) - Added new 'version' tool that automatically edits files to update version information in them. Just execute the 'version' file in the main PEAK source directory. (Use '--help' for help.) You can use this tool with your own projects by creating 'version' and 'version.dat' files in your project directory, similar to the ones used by PEAK. The 'version' file is a ZConfig file that describes your project's version numbering scheme(s), formats, and the files that need to be edited, while the 'version.dat' file contains the current version number values. Source for the tool, including the configuration file schema, is in the 'peak.tools.version' package. (Error handling and documentation, alas, are still minimal.) - Added new 'Alias' command in 'peak.running.commands'. An 'Alias' instance can be used as a 'peak.running.shortcut' property that expands to another command with arbitrary arguments inserted before the original command's arguments. Thus, one might alias 'mycommand' to 'runIni somefile --option', similar to command aliases in many shells. - 'naming.IName' is now derived from 'binding.IComponentKey', so names and addresses must now support the 'findComponent()' method. All PEAK name and address types provide support for this. - The 'lookup()' method of 'binding.IComponentKey' is now called 'findComponent()', to better distinguish it from 'lookup()' in 'naming.IBasicContext', which does something very different. - 'binding.Obtain()' (formerly 'binding.bindTo()' and 'binding.bindSequence()') now pre-adapt their arguments to 'IComponentKey', to speed up lookups at runtime, and to ensure that errors due to an unusable parameter type occur at class creation time instead of waiting until lookup time. - There's a new 'peak.storage.files' module, with handy classes like 'EditableFile'. 'EditableFile' is a class that lets you edit the contents of a file "in place", with atomic replacement of the original at transaction commit. If the transaction is aborted, the original file is left unchanged. - 'peak.running.scheduler.UntwistedReactor' now supports a configuration property ('peak.running.reactor.checkInterval') to determine how long it should run 'select()' calls for, when there are no scheduled tasks. - 'peak.running.scheduler.MainLoop' now supports using a "signal handler" component (via the 'peak.running.mainLoop.signalHandler' property) to process signals while a 'run()' loop is in progress. Signal handlers can also be added or removed at any time via the 'running.ISignalManager' service. - 'peak.running.commands.AbstractCommand' now offers a '_run()' method that can be overridden in subclasses, instead of 'run()'. If you override the new '_run()' method instead, you get the advantage of automatic handling for invocation errors and 'SystemExit' exceptions, provided for you by the 'run()' method. - There is now a 'storage.DMFor(class)' function that returns a configuration key for registering or looking up data managers by class. You can use the returned key in a binding's 'offerAs' list, or as the target of a 'bindTo()' or 'lookupComponent()'. The key is constructed using 'config.ProviderOf(storage.IDataManager,class)'. - You can now register utilities that are keyed by the combination of an interface and one or more classes, using 'config.ProviderOf(iface,*classes)' as a configuration key. Providers are registered under an '(iface,klass)' tuple for each specified class, and looked up using the MRO order of the class specified for lookup. In other words, searching for a provider will find a provider for the requested class, or one of its base classes, with precedence given to the more-specific provider. This is primarily intended for services like data managers and Specialists. - It's now possible to extend .ini file parsing with custom section types, and PEAK defines its own built-in section types using this extension mechanism. Custom section types must include at least one space, (e.g. '[My Section]') or they will be treated as a plain property name. See the 'peak.config.iniFile.sectionParsers' section in 'peak.ini' for more details, along with the 'config.ISettingParser' and 'config.IIniParser' interfaces. - When creating a 'PropertyName()', it's now possible to force conversion of invalid characters to '_', using the 'PropertyName.fromString()' constructor. (Note that the input must be a plain-ASCII string.) Unless you request that wildcards ('?' and '*') be kept, they will also be converted to '_' characters. This can be convenient for converting things like filenames or text that might contain spaces, to property names. - It's now possible to declare an attribute as offering a wildcard property; such lookups now follow the same rules as other wildcard property lookups. The 'config.IConfigKey' interface has been changed to cleanly support implied keys at both registration and lookup time, so you can implement your own key types that work the way interfaces or property names do for configuration lookups. - The 'EigenRegistry' class has been moved from 'peak.util.EigenData' to 'peak.config.registries', as it hasn't really been useful outside PEAK for a while now. - .ini files now support "smart property" objects ('config.ISmartProperty'). If a property rule defined in an .ini file evaluates at runtime to an object that implements 'ISmartProperty', the object will be given a chance to compute a value for the property, in place of being used itself. This helps to simplify definition of complex property rules in .ini files, by allowing the use of helper classes. Also, 'naming.LinkRef' and 'naming.Reference' (indirectly) support this interface, so you can now use them in .ini files to refer to an object via the naming system. (Previously, 'naming.LinkRef' wouldn't do the right thing unless the property was looked up via a 'config:' URL, and 'naming.Reference' didn't exist.) - 'peak.util.imports.whenImported()' can now be used even when the specified module has already been loaded. - The naming system no longer has 'objectFactories' and 'stateFactories' as utilities; they have been replaced with new mechanisms involving adaptation. Previously, addresses had a 'retrieve()' method that could be used to retrieve the object defined by the address. Now, to retrieve an object for an address, you must either define a context that processes the address, or the address must have a 'defaultFactory' attribute, which provides a name to be imported to get an 'IObjectFactory' that can construct the referenced object. (This is simpler than it sounds; for URLs that reference ManagedConnections, for example, all you need to do is provide the fully qualified name of the connection class.) Meanwhile, writable naming contexts must have a 'serializationProtocol' attribute, specifying what interface an object should be adapted to before attempting to store it in that context. The naming system no longer processes the 'creationName' keyword argument; this is now considered the sole responsibility of 'peak.binding'. The 'IComponent.lookupComponent()' method still accepts the keyword argument, and attribute bindings still handle the creation name transparently. It is just not available via naming system APIs, and naming contexts no longer have to deal with it. The naming system base classes no longer use 'attrs' as an input parameter or return value. If you've subclassed anything from 'peak.naming.contexts', note that your '_get()' methods should now just return the lookup value, rather than a 'state,attrs' tuple. For most naming contexts, this just means you should change 'return foo, None' statements to just 'return foo'. - Property definition rules in an .ini file can now refer to 'rulePrefix' and 'ruleSuffix' variables. 'rulePrefix' is a "."-terminated string, representing the name the rule was defined with. For example, if the rule was defined for '"foo.bar.*"', then 'rulePrefix' will be '"foo.bar."' The 'ruleSuffix' will be the portion of the 'propertyName' that follows 'rulePrefix'. So, if looking up property '"foo.bar.baz"', then the '"foo.bar.*"' rule will execute with a 'ruleSuffix' of '"baz"'. This should make it easier to work with hierarchical property namespaces. - Added simple example scripts and small applications in the 'examples' directory. - There is a new command-line namespace introspection tool, 'n2', which can be accessed by running 'peak n2'. Type 'peak n2 -h' for help. - The PEAK_CONFIG environment variable can now list multiple files, separated by the platform's 'os.pathsep' (e.g. ':' on Unix, ';' on Windows). - It's no longer necessary to provide a '_defaultState()' implementation for an EntityDM: a default implementation is now supplied. - Added automatic installation of 'datetime' package for Python < 2.3. - CGI support has been moved from 'peak.running.zpublish' into 'peak.running.commands' (for "raw" CGI/FastCGI) and 'peak.web' (for the PEAK high-level publishing framework). You can use 'peak CGI someName' to adapt 'someName' to a 'running.IRerunnableCGI' and run it as a CGI/FastCGI. - There is now a 'peak.security' package, available from 'peak.api' as 'security'. It provides permission management functions: you can define abstract permissions by subclassing 'security.Permission', then create permission checking rules by subclassing 'security.RuleSet', and declare the permissions needed to access attributes of a class with 'security.allow()'. The test suite demonstrates a complex application ruleset with dynamic, data-driven permissions. - There is now an interface for "Active Descriptors": 'binding.IActiveDescriptor'. 'peak.binding' now uses this interface to identify active descriptors, so you can now create your own. (Previously, 'peak.binding' used 'isinstance()' to detect active descriptors.) - REMOVED 'naming.ParsedURL'; it was deprecated as of 0.5 alpha 2. - The 'provides' keyword argument to various 'peak.binding' APIs has been renamed to 'offerAs', and it must be a sequence of configuration keys. (Previously, it accepted either a single key or a tuple of keys.) The signature of 'binding.Constant()' was changed as well; the first positional argument is now the constant value, and 'offerAs' is now a keyword argument. (Previously, 'provides' was the first positional argument of 'binding.Constant()'.) The 'registerProvider()' method of 'config.IConfigurable()' also now accepts only a single configuration key, as does 'EigenRegistry.register()'. Also, all 'peak.binding' APIs now only accept positional parameters for items unique to that API. Items common to multiple APIs (such as 'offerAs', 'doc', 'attrName', etc.) should now be supplied as keyword arguments. Bindings also now automatically "suggest" the containing object as a parent component for the contained object, whenever a value is assigned to them or computed. If a non-None 'adaptTo' is set on the binding, the value assigned or computed will be adapted to the specified protocol before the parent component is suggested. 'binding.New()' no longer relies on the 'IComponentFactory' interface, but instead uses the new adapt/suggest mechanisms. Previously, parent components were only "suggested" when a binding was set via component constructor keyword arguments. Now, this is done at any time bindings are set, but *not* for non-binding keyword arguments. In other words, ordinary attributes of a component do not receive "suggested parent" notices, even when set via constructor keyword arguments. If you want an attribute to do this, you must define the attribute with the binding API; e.g. via 'requireBinding()' or 'binding.Constant()'. If you do *not* want a binding to suggest a parent component, use 'suggestParent=False' in the binding definition. Corrected Problems - 'peak.running.commands.CGICommand' could become confused on certain BSD variants (such as Mac OS/X), and assume it was running under FastCGI, even if it wasn't. (Because the operating systems in question use socket pairs to implement pipes.) - Fixed some problems with the test suite when running under Python 2.3. PEAK itself worked fine, but the test suite was bitten by two minor semantic changes that took effect in 2.3, resulting in lots of error messages about ModuleType needing a parameter, and a test failure for 'checkClassInfo' in the 'FrameInfoTest' test class. - Transaction participants that raised an error in their 'abortTransaction()' method, would not receive a 'finishTransaction()' call, the error was passed through to the transaction service's caller, and later participants might not have received an 'abortTransaction()' message either. - SQL connections didn't close their cursors before aborting a transaction - The logging system would raise an error if a log message with no arguments contained a '%' sign. - There was a typo in peak.naming.arithmetic that caused homogeneous non-URL name subtraction to fail. - The default reactor supplied in 'peak.running.scheduler' would consume CPU continuously if it was waiting for I/O and no tasks were scheduled. - The 'peak.util.imports.whenImported' function didn't work. Fixes and Enhancements since Version 0.5 alpha 1 Changed, Enhanced, or Newly Deprecated Features - Added a 'shellcmd:' URL scheme that returns a function that calls 'os.system()' on the body of the URL. It's intended for use as a command factory, as is needed by the 'URLChecker' periodic task. - You can now define adapters from arbitrary types to 'binding.IBindingNode', and thus be able to use them as part of a component hierarchy - without needing to directly add 'getParentComponent()' or 'getComponentName()' methods to them. - Added experimental 'invoke.c' script for POSIX-ish platforms with funky '#!' support, or lack thereof. 'invoke' is designed to be used like this:: #!/usr/local/bin/invoke peak somearg otherarg... This should work on most sane platforms with a long-enough commandline. (See "this page":http://homepages.cwi.nl/~aeb/std/hashexclam-1.html for details on the insanely incompatible ways different Unixes interpret '#!' lines.) The script is not currently built or installed by setup.py. On the platforms it's targeted at, you should be able to build it with:: gcc -o invoke invoke.c (Yes, it really is that simple of a script.) - Added a ZConfig schema for 'running.commands.EventDriven' applications, a ZConfig component definition for adaptive tasks, and a running shortcut called 'EventDriven'. It should now be possible to do this:: #!/usr/bin/env peak EventDriven at the top of a ZConfig file formatted according to the new schema, and have it run. There are two periodic tasks that can be configured and run from such a file: 'CleanupFiles' and 'URLChecker'. 'CleanupFiles' will delete files matching a pattern that are older than a certain age, while 'URLChecker' will check to see if the target of a naming system URL is up/available/working, and if not, runs a command to restart it. As an amusing demo, try specifying a 'file:' URL with a 'shellcmd:touch theFile' to recreate the file, then add a 'CleanupFiles' that deletes the file the checker looks for. This can be hours (well, minutes) of exciting fun as you watch the dueling daemons undoing each others' work. - Added 'zconfig.schema' URL scheme that loads an enhanced ZConfig schema object that can act as a command line interpreter using the 'peak' script. To use it, run 'peak zconfig.schema:urlToSchema urlOfConfig'. Or, add a line like this:: #!/usr/bin/env peak zconfig.schema:pkgfile:some.package/schema.xml to the top of a configuration file, and make the configuration file executable. Note that the schema specified must convert to an object that's usable with the commands bootstrap framework. Also note that if you have a local PEAK_CONFIG file, you can add a 'peak.running.shortcuts' entry to shorten the URL reference in your #! line. E.g.:: #!/usr/bin/env peak mySchema will suffice if you have defined 'peak.running.shortcuts.mySchema' as 'naming.LinkRef("zconfig.schema:pkgfile:some.package/schema.xml")'. There is also a 'peak ZConfig urlOfSchema urlOfConfig' variant, that was added to support putting '#!/usr/bin/env peak ZConfig' at the top of schema files, but unfortunately that's not valid XML. - Standardized file-based URL syntaxes (e.g logfiles and lockfiles) to follow RFC 1738/2396, and Python 'urllib'. This shouldn't affect much besides the canonical forms of the URLs. Added 'pkgfile:some.pkg/filepath' URL syntax for ease of referring to files near modules. (A convenience intended mainly for referencing ZConfig schemas.) - Added the UML 1.4 metamodel, and thus the ability to load UML 1.4 models encoded in XMI 1.1. - Added support in the mof2py code generator for "unprefixing" enumerated values, so that UML and other metamodels' enumerations work correctly when loading from XMI. Also, mof2py no longer emits 'config.setupModule()' calls in generated code, as in practice they are not needed. - Running 'peak test' from the command line is roughly equivalent to running 'unittest.py', except that the test suite defaults to the PEAK test suite. You can, however run any test suite from the command line with a dotted module/attribute path, e.g 'peak test foo.bar.test_suite'. - 'binding.Acquire()' now accepts a 'default' value argument, and 'binding.New()' no longer accepts the 'bindToOwner' flag. - There is a new 'binding.IComponentKey' interface that is used to implement 'IComponent.lookupComponent()'. Now you can implement this interface, or create an adapter for it, in order to make an object usable as an argument to 'binding.lookupComponent()' - and therefore usable as a key for 'binding.bindTo()' or 'binding.bindToSequence()'. Not that it's necessarily very useful to do so; you're probably better off simply creating a naming scheme. But it might be useful for lookups done in the context of classes, since naming schemes aren't usable there. (It was actually added in order to factor out all the type testing that 'lookupComponent' used to do, so it doesn't matter if it's useful for much else.) - PEAK has been refactored to avoid the use of 'isImplementedBy()' and similar introspection, in favor of 'adapt()'. As a result, some 'peak.naming' interfaces have changed. This should not affect you if you are only subclassing PEAK-provided naming components and not implementing these interfaces "from scratch". However, the various 'isAddress', 'isAddressClass', 'isResolver', and 'isName' APIs have also been removed, as they were based on 'isImplementedBy()'. - REMOVED ability to use '__implements__' and '__class_implements__' to declare support for interfaces. Use 'protocols.advise()' or a related API to do this now. The 'protocols' package is available automatically from 'peak.api'. Similarly, the ability to use 'isImplementedBy()' with interfaces declared by PEAK is REMOVED. You can still use 'isImplementedBy()' with Zope interfaces, of course, but we recommend you switch to 'adapt()', which should work with both PEAK and Zope interfaces. - Replaced all use of 'zope.interface' with 'protocols' package because the 'protocols' package: * is considerably smaller and simpler than 'zope.interface' * produces Interface objects that can be inspected with the Python 'pydoc' and 'help()' tools * supports and implements the PEP 246 'adapt()' protocol * transparently supports transitive adaptation - i.e. if adapter AB adapts from A to B, and adapter BC adapts from B to C, then an adapt(x,C) where 'x' is an 'A', will be implemented as BC(AB(x)). * Supports "open protocols" that allow you to "superclass" a protocol to create a subset protocol; objects that support the first protocol will automatically support the subset protocol. For example, if one person defines a "dictionary" protocol, someone else can create a "read-only dictionary" protocol, and all objects supporting the "dictionary protocol" will be considered to implement the "read-only dictionary" protocol. * can interoperate with other interface packages, including Zope's, but does not require them * works with module inheritance (for everything but moduleProvides(), and we should get to that by 0.5a2) * lets you use Interfaces as abstract base classes (i.e., you can inherit from an interface and turn it into an implementation, and you can define default attribute values or method implementations in your interfaces * Lets you mix interface declarations from any number of frameworks and any number of interface types, in a single 'implements()' or 'classProvides()' * uses adaptation as the fundamental approach to dealing with interfaces, and avoids the use of 'isImplementedBy()'. In the *rare* case that you need to introspect rather than adapt, you can always call adapt() and check the result. (But introspection usually means that you're using interfaces as a form of metadata; it's better to create an explicit interface that provides the metadata you seek, and adapt to that interface, than to use interfaces as data.) Most of these features are unavailable in 'zope.interface', and some have been declared by the Zope Pope to be unacceptable or undesirable features for Zope interfaces. (Others may be available in some form in future versions of Zope X3.) So, we no longer require or distribute 'zope.interface'. - The signatures of the 'getObjectInstance()', 'getStateToBind()', and 'getURLContext()' methods in the 'peak.naming' package have changed, to place the context or parent component as the first, non-optional argument. (If you don't know what these methods are for, you don't need to do anything about this, as they are part of the naming package's extensibility framework.) - 'binding.bindTo()' now accepts a 'default=' argument, whose value will be used in case of a 'NameNotFound' error. - DEPRECATED 'naming.ParsedURL'. It will disappear in 0.5 alpha 3 or beta. It is replaced by the new 'naming.URL.Base'. The 'naming.URL' package provides a new URL parsing framework based on 'peak.model'. Upgrading from 'ParsedURL' to 'URL.Base' is trivial for ParsedURL subclasses that used only the 'scheme' and 'body' fields, and in fact may not require any changes except for the choice of base class. Also, the 'retrieve()' method of URLs is deprecated; please begin defining the 'getObjectInstance()' method instead. This is to cut down a bit on the number of ways that the naming package spells the idea of retrieving something! For more complex URL classes, the '__init__' methods go away, 'parse' methods change slightly, and explicit field definitions (using 'model.structField' or similar) are required. See PEAK's 'URL.Base' subclasses for examples. There is also a sophisticated parsing and formatting framework (see the 'peak.naming.URL' and 'peak.util.fmtparse' modules) that can be used in place of the old regex-based approach. - Added 'peak.util.fmtparse', a parsing and formatting framework, and integrated it with 'peak.model' so that any element type can have a syntax for parsing from, or formatting to, a string. - Added 'binding.whenAssembled(...)' as syntax sugar for 'binding.Once(...,activateUponAssembly=True)'. - Removed 'LOG_XYZ' convenience functions from 'peak.api', and refactored 'peak.running.logs' to use a PEP 282-like interface, 'running.ILogger'. Under the new scheme, messages must be sent to a specific entry point (e.g. 'self.logger.warning("foo")'). Components can bind an attribute directly to a logger object, or via configuration properties or utilities. PEAK components that do logging all define a 'logger' attribute, bound to a configuration property in the 'peak.logs' property namespace. By a default in 'peak.ini', 'peak.logs.*' is configured to output messages of 'WARNING' priority or higher to 'sys.stderr'. For compatibility with the PEP 282 logging package, a 'logging.logger:' URL scheme has been added; looking up the URL '"logging.logger:foo.bar"' is equivalent to 'logging.getLogger("foo.bar")', unless the 'logging' package is not available, in which case the configuration property 'peak.logs.foo.bar' will be looked up in the target context of the lookup. Optionally, you can configure the 'logging.logger' URL scheme so that it only uses PEAK loggers, and never uses the PEP 282 loggers. - Added 'binding.metamethod()' wrapper for metaclass methods that might not be accessible from their instances if the instances (classes) also defined the method for *their* instances. You must now use this wrapper on any such metaclass-defined methods, as PEAK no longer works around this via the 'x.__class__.foo(x,...)' trick that was used previously. In particular, if you have metaclass definitions of 'getParentComponent', '_getConfigData', 'getComponentName', or 'notifyUponAssembly', you need to wrap them with 'binding.metamethod' now. - Made 'NOT_GIVEN' and 'NOT_FOUND' recognizable by humans (they 'repr' and 'str' to their names) and by Python (they can be pickled, and when restored they come back as the same object). Corrected Problems - Fixed a problem in ZConfig 'schema.dtd'; I used 'PCDATA' where I should've used 'CDATA'. - Fixed a problem with 'binding.supertype()' not working correctly if the MRO it was searching contained a "classic" class. Now 'supertype()' skips any classic classes it finds. (It probably should be rewritten entirely.) - Fixed misc. problems with 'fromZConfig()' component constructor - Fixed source distributions missing essential setup files - Fixed a problem with assembly events, where a parent component that didn't need assembly notification, wouldn't ever notify its children of assembly if they requested the notification after the parent had already received it. - Fixed a bug in automatic metaclass generation that caused extra unneeded metaclasses to be generated. - Fixed 'naming.lookup()' and related APIs not setting the parent component of created objects without an explicitly supplied 'creationParent' keyword argument. This used to "sort of work" when we had implicit configuration parents, but was broken when we went "all explicit" for 0.5 alpha 1. - Fixed a problem where initializing single-valued immutable fields of 'peak.model' types did not perform type/value normalization. - Fixed a problem where bindTo would use the attribute name as the default value for a lookup, if the requested name/property/utility was not found. - Fixed 'mof2py' generator script not working - Fixed model.Element not getting parent component set when passed as a constructor argument. - Fixed property/utility lookups not working correctly on model.* objects. - Fixed IndentedStream generating all-whitespace lines